Epoch AI measured how fast the inference price of hitting fixed AI performance milestones has fallen across six benchmarks, and found the price of matching GPT-4 on PhD-level science questions fell by 40×
Epoch AI measured the inference price of LLMs on six benchmarks over the past three years. The price to achieve GPT-4’s performance on a set of PhD-level science questions fell by 40x per year. The rate of decline varied from 9x to 900x per year depending on the performance milestone.
Verified 2026-11-05
Track with InsiderWhy it matters
When the cost of matching a fixed capability level collapses this fast, more products can afford frontier-class models, widening who benefits from AI performance gains.
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