Of the notable AI models released in 2025, Stanford's AI Index counts over 90% as coming from industry
The Stanford AI Index 2026 report tracks developments in AI research and development. It states that industry produced over 90% of notable AI models in 2025. This finding is part of a chapter that covers models, open-source ecosystems, infrastructure, environmental footprint, publications, patents, and investors in the field.
Verified 2026-08-01
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Companies, not universities, now build almost all leading AI models, because only they can afford it.
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- AI models can now win gold at the International Mathematical Olympiad, yet Stanford's 2026 AI Index found they still fumble a task most children master early. Across ClockBench's 180 clock designs and 720 questions, the top model, GPT-5.4 High, read analog clocks correctly only 50.6% of the time, versus 90.1% for humans
- After briefly nearly closing in 2024, the performance gap between the best closed-weight and open-weight AI models widened again on the Arena leaderboard. As of March 2026, Stanford's 2026 AI Index finds the top closed model leads the top open model by 3.3%, up from a 0.5% lead in August 2024
- Stanford's 2026 AI Index tracks how AI models perform on GPQA Diamond, a set of PhD-level chemistry and physics questions designed to resist Google searches. Mean model accuracy on the benchmark reached 93% in 2025, compared with an expert human validator baseline of 81.2% -- AI models now beat PhD-level experts by 12 points on GPQA Diamond
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