Large language model use is now acknowledged in 17% of bioRxiv biology preprints, nearly matching the 19% that acknowledge specialized AI tools, according to Epoch AI
Epoch AI measured the share of bioRxiv biology preprints that acknowledge large language model use and specialized AI tools. In September 2026, 17% of bioRxiv biology preprints acknowledged large language model use, and 19% acknowledged specialized AI tools.
Verified 2026-10-31
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General-purpose AI has nearly caught up to specialized science tools in biology research, showing rapid adoption of chatbots in expert scientific work.
More on Adoption
- Stanford's 2026 AI Index, citing McKinsey's 2025 survey, breaks down AI-agent deployment by business function. Even in IT, the function with the most agent activity, the share of organisations reporting no AI-agent use at all in 2025 was still 69% of organizations report zero AI-agent use in IT, the business function with the heaviest agent activity
- Stanford's 2026 AI Index reports that organizations' use of generative AI specifically, not just AI overall, grew sharply in 2025: the share of organizations that regularly use generative AI in at least one business function reached 79%, up from 71% in 2024
- Stanford's 2026 AI Index compared generative AI's adoption curve after its mass-market debut to that of earlier transformative technologies, and found generative AI reached 53% population adoption within three years, faster than the PC or the internet
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